GPS : Global Positioning System

 

  Global Positioning System

GPS (Global Positioning System) ou NAVSTAR (Navigation System by Timing And Ranging) was originally an American milirtary system. designed in the 1970s and controlled by the departement of Defense (DoD). It succeded the TRANSIT/NNSS system. operational in 1964.

GPS is a spatial radio-positioning and time transfer system. It provides position. speed and time information to an unlimited number of users throughout the world, in a single global system, whatever the weather conditions.

₪ 1. The system

₪  1.1. The space segment

₪  1.1.1. Satellites

₪  1.1.2. The GPS-signal

₪  1.1.3. The navigation message

₪  1.2. The control segment

₪  1.3. The user segment

₪  1.3.1. Receiver Types

₪  1.3.2. GPS related services

₪ 2. positioning methods

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₪  2.1. Principle of GBS measurement 

₪  2.1.1. Code Observance

₪  2.1.2. Phase observation

₪  2.1.3. Quality factors.

₪  2.1.4. Multiple sources of errors

❏Biases :

❏Faults : 

₪  2.2. Type of positioning based on pseudoranges

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₪  2.2.1. Autonomous positioning

₪  2.2.2. Differential positioning

₪  2.3. Phase-based positioning type

₪  2.3.1. The sstaticn mode

₪  2.3.2. The dynamic mode

₪ 3. Planning and preparation

₪  3.1. Choice of survey method

₪ 3.2. Choosing a Receiver  

₪  3.3. Validation des matériels et procédures

₪  3.4. La reconnaissance de terrain

₪ 4. Rattachement de chantiers GPS

₪  4.1. Le changement de système géodésique

₪  4.2. Considérations pratiques